中国铁路隧道建设期典型灾害防控方法现状、问题与对策

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摘要我国铁路工程建设方兴未艾,复杂地质条件下隧道工程建设将面临越来越多的挑战。介绍突水突泥、塌方、大变形、岩爆、有害气体、高地温、冻害等7种铁路隧道建设期典型的工程灾害,根据致灾类型对每种灾害案例进行初步归纳梳理。针对近年来一些典型灾害防控案例,详细介绍其灾害发生过程、致灾机理及具体的处置方法,可为今后类似的工程灾害防控提供参考。在总结铁路隧道灾害防控经验教训的基础上,提出今后灾害防控应重点关注的方向:重视隧址区域宏观地质分析,发展综合超前地质预报技术;完善隧道灾害监测、预警体系,提高施工期灾害风险信息化管控水平;发展大型机械化配套施工;加强隧道施工安全质量管理。

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关键词: 铁路隧道建设过程地质灾害工程实例防控措施研究现状

Abstract: The construction of railway projects in China is still in the ascendant, and the construction of tunnel projects under complex geological conditions will face more and more challenges. Seven typical engineering disasters during the construction period of railway tunnels were introduced including water inrush, collapse, large deformation, rock burst, harmful gas, high ground temperature and frost damage. According to the types of disasters, a preliminary summary of each disaster case was given. In addition, for some typical disaster prevention and control cases in recent years, the disaster occurrence process, disaster mechanism and specific disposal methods were introduced detailedly to provide reference for future similar project disaster prevention and control. On the basis of summing up the experience and lessons learned from disaster prevention and control of railway tunnels, it was suggested that future disaster prevention and control should focus on the following areas, emphasis on the macro geological analysis of the tunnel site area, development 2019年 - 第1卷第2期田四明,等:中国铁路隧道建设期典型灾害防控方法现状、问题与对策 \=-of comprehensive advanced geological forecasting technologies, improvement of tunnel disaster monitoring and early warning systems, and improvement of the level of disaster risk information management and control, development of large-scale mechanized supporting construction, and reinforcement of the safety quality management of tunnel construction.

Key words: railway tunnels construction period geological disasters engineering examples prevention and control measures research status

收稿日期: 2018-06-11 出版日期: 2019-06-30 发布日期: 2019-07-29 期的出版日期: 2019-06-30

中图分类号:

TU94

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51609129,51709159,51679131);中国铁路总公司系统性重大资助项目(P2018G007-K03)

通讯作者: 石少帅(1987— ),男,山东潍坊人,博士,副教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为隧道与地下工程灾害防控. E-mail:shishaoshuai@sdu.edu.cn

作者简介: 田四明(1972— ),男,河南原阳人,硕士,教授级高工,主要研究方向为铁路隧道的技术咨询和设计审查等. E-mail:tsmd@163.com. *通信作者:石少帅(1987— ),男,山东潍坊人,博士,副教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为隧道与地下工程灾害防控. E-mail:shishaoshuai@sdu.edu.cn

引用本文:

田四明,赵勇,石少帅,胡杰. 中国铁路隧道建设期典型灾害防控方法现状、问题与对策[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2019, 1(2): 24-48.
TIAN Siming, ZHAO Yong, SHI Shaoshuai, HU Jie. The status, problems and countermeasures of typical disaster prevention and control methods during the construction period of Chinese railway tunnels. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 2019, 1(2): 24-48.

链接本文:

http://tunnel.sdujournals.com/CN/Y2019/V1/I2/24

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