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隧道与地下工程灾害防治
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深部围岩松动圈劈裂破坏机理探究
郭纬1,陈昊祥2*,李杰1,徐天涵1,李超1,纪玉国1
(1. 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学爆炸冲击防灾减灾全国重点实验室,江苏 南京 210007;
2.北京建筑大学土木与交通工程学院,北京 100044)
Mechanism of splitting failure and stability analysis of the loosening zone in deep surrounding rock
GUO Wei1, CHEN Haoxiang2*, LI Jie1, XU Tianhan1, LI Chao1, JI Yuguo1
(1. State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007,Jiangsu,China; 
2. School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China)
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摘要 为探究围岩松动圈的劈裂机理对于硐室变形控制的方式方法,选用弹-脆-塑性本构模型建立松动圈内应力场与变形场表达式,得到松动圈范围公式,并基于岩体缺陷处的局部应力松弛模型探究松动圈内岩体的变形与劈裂机制,厘清松动圈内剪切破坏与劈裂破坏的发生逻辑,建立围岩松动圈劈裂破坏的应力判据,给出剪切破坏、剪切破碎、板裂以及最大支撑压力区劈裂4种典型破坏模式发生的临界外部荷载条件。结果表明:径向卸载会导致围岩产生局部拉应力场;塑性剪切变形是内部岩体发生劈裂破坏的前置条件;加卸载模量相差越大岩体越容易发生劈裂;剪切破碎的发生条件远高于劈裂破坏,在实际工程中难以发生。
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郭纬
陈昊祥
李杰
徐天涵
李超
纪玉国
关键词:  围岩松动圈  劈裂破坏  剪切破坏  板裂  局部应力    
Abstract: The deformation control mechanisms in underground caverns were investigated through systematic analysis of splitting phenomena within the surrounding rock's loosened zone. An elastic-brittle-plastic constitutive model was developed to formulate stress and deformation field expressions, enabling the derivation of a quantitative characterization for loosened zone dimensions. Stress relaxation mechanisms at rock mass discontinuities were analyzed, leading to systematic characterization of deformation and splitting processes within the loosened zone. Clear logical relationships between shear failure and splitting failure mechanisms were established, with a stress criterion for splitting failure in the loosened zone being proposed. Critical external load conditions were identified for four typical failure modes: shear failure, shear fragmentation, slab fracturing, and splitting in the maximum support pressure zone. Key findings revealed that radial unloading induced localized tensile stress fields in surrounding rock. Plastic shear deformation was confirmed as a prerequisite for internal rock mass splitting failure. A positive correlation was observed between modulus differences during loading-unloading cycles and splitting susceptibility. Comparative analysis demonstrated that the occurrence threshold for shear fragmentation significantly exceeded that of splitting failure, suggesting limited practical occurrence of shear fragmentation in engineering applications. These findings provide theoretical foundations for predicting and controlling surrounding rock stability in underground excavation projects.
Key words:  loosening zone    splitting failure    shear failure    slab fracturing    localized stress
收稿日期:  2025-01-08      修回日期:  2025-03-02      发布日期:  2025-05-23     
中图分类号:  TD311  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划资助项目(2024YFF0508204);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(5227920)
通讯作者:  陈昊祥(1992—),男,河南焦作人,副教授,硕士生导师,博士,主要研究方向为深部岩体力学与工程及防灾减灾。    E-mail:  chx@stu.bucea.edu.cn
作者简介:  郭纬(1998—),男,山东菏泽人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为深部岩体力学。E-mail:guo15965317797@163.com
引用本文:    
郭纬, 陈昊祥, 李杰, 徐天涵, 李超, 纪玉国. 深部围岩松动圈劈裂破坏机理探究[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, .
GUO Wei, CHEN Haoxiang, LI Jie, XU Tianhan, LI Chao, JI Yuguo. Mechanism of splitting failure and stability analysis of the loosening zone in deep surrounding rock. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 0, (): 1-11.
链接本文:  
[1] 尹洪武, 朱耿德, 朱耿刚, 葛鑫博. 超深地层盐岩单轴压缩损伤演化过程分析[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2021, 3(4): 53-60.
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