Abstract: With the rapid development of underwater shield tunnel construction in China, the waterproof problem of segment joints is becoming more and more prominent, and the hydraulic pressure on shield tunnel is also increasing, which poses a severe challenge to the waterproof safety of the tunnel. The waterproofing of shield tunnel with high hydraulic pressure has gradually become a hot topic at home and abroad. Aiming at the possible problems in the design stage, construction stage and long-term operation stage of segment joint waterproofing of shield tunnel with high hydraulic pressure, the relevant important research at home and abroad were summarized, mainly including: material selection, section design, corner processing, arrangement of multi-channel sealing gasket, waterproof of bolt hole, numerical simulation and test analysis of sealing gasket, waterproof performance of sealing gasket under earthquake action and long-term durability evaluation of aging sealing gasket material. The existing problems and the research trend of related waterproof problems were discussed.
王士民,谢宏明. 高水压盾构隧道管片接缝防水研究现状与展望[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2020, 2(2): 66-75.
WANG Shimin, XIE Hongming. Review and prospect of waterproofing of segment joints of shield tunnel with high hydraulic pressure. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 2020, 2(2): 66-75.
[1] 何川,封坤.大型水下盾构隧道结构研究现状与展望[J].西南交通大学学报, 2011, 46(1): 1-11. HE Chuan, FENG Kun. Review and prospect of structure research of underwater shield tunnel with large cross-section[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2011, 46(1): 1-11. [2] 何川,封坤,方勇.盾构法修建地铁隧道的技术现状与展望[J].西南交通大学学报, 2015, 50(1): 97-109. HE Chuan, FENG Kun, FANG Yong. Review and prospect on the constructing technologies of metro tunnel using shield tunneling method[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2015, 50(1): 97-109. [3] 朱祖熹.盾构隧道管片接缝防水技术的新认识[J]. 隧道与轨道交通, 2017(增刊1): 10-16. ZHU Zuxi. A new understanding of the joint waterproofing technology of shield tunnel segments[J]. Tunnel and Rail Transit, 2017(Suppl.1): 10-16. [4] 龚琛杰,丁文其.大直径水下盾构隧道接缝弹性密封垫防水性能研究—设计方法与工程指导[J]. 隧道建设(中英文), 2018, 38(10): 1712-1722. GONG Chenjie, DING Wenqi. Waterproof properties of elastic sealing gaskets used in segmental joints of large-diameter underwater shield tunnels: design methodology and engineering guidance[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2018, 38(10): 1712-1722. [5] KROON M. A constitutive model for strain-crystallising rubber-like materials[J]. Mechanics of Materials, 2010, 42(9): 873-885. [6] KULCU I D. A hyperelastic constitutive model for rubber-like materials[J]. Archive of Applied Mechanics, 2020, 90(3): 615-622. [7] 陈云尧,张军伟,马士伟,等.盾构隧道管片密封垫防水失效模式及改善研究[J].隧道建设(中英文), 2019, 39(6): 946-952. CHEN Yunyao, ZHANG Junwei, MA Shiwei, et al. Waterproof failure mode and improvement for sealing gasket of shield tunnel segment[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2019, 39(6): 946-952. [8] 叶美锡,丁文其,陈俊伟,等.盾构隧道管片接缝三元乙丙橡胶密封垫力学性能影响因素敏感度分析[J].隧道建设(中英文), 2019, 39(增刊2): 200-206. YE Meixi, DING Wenqi, CHEN Junwei, et al. Sensitivity analysis of influencing factors on mechanical properties of epdm sealing gasket of segment joint of shield tunnel[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2019, 39(Suppl.2): 200-206. [9] 全国橡胶与橡胶制品标准化技术委员会橡胶杂品分技术委员会.高分子防水材料:第4部分:盾构法隧道管片用橡胶密封垫:GB 18173.4—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2010:5-7. [10] TAN Jishuang, SHEN Shuilong, ZHOU Annan, et al. Laboratory evaluation of long-term sealing behaviors of two water-swelling materials for shield tunnel gasket[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 249: 118711. [11] 大冢正博. シールド工事用セグメントの水膨张シール 材による止水设计法に关する研究[D]. 东京: 早稻田大学, 2002: 1-3. MASAHIRO Otsuka. Study of the waterproof design methods by water expansion sealing materials of the segment for shield construction[D]. Tokyo, Japan: Waseda University, 2002: 1-3. [12] 张稳军,丁超,张高乐,等.盾构隧道管片接缝复合型密封垫选型设计研究[J].隧道建设(中英文), 2020, 40(2): 246-255. ZHANG Wenjun, DING Chao, ZHANG Gaole, et al. Type selection and design of composite sealing gasket for segment joints of shield tunnel[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2020, 40(2): 246-255. [13] 张稳军,丁超,张成平,等.不同错台量对复合型密封垫影响及长期防水预测[J].隧道建设(中英文), 2020, 40(3): 337-345. ZHANG Wenjun, DING Chao, ZHANG Chengping, et al. Influence of different dislocation amount on composite sealing gasket and long-term waterproofing performance prediction[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2020, 40(3): 337-345. [14] 朱祖熹.盾构隧道管片接缝密封垫防水技术的现状与今后的课题[J].隧道建设, 2016, 36(10): 1171-1176. ZHU Zuxi. State-of-art and developing direction of waterproofing technology for sealing gasket of shield tunnel segment joints[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2016, 10(36): 1171-1176. [15] 钟元元,刘丽伟.超埋深大直径盾构管片接缝防水探讨[J].隧道与轨道交通, 2019(增刊1): 39-43. ZHONG Yuanyuan, LIU Liwei. Discussion on joint waterproofing of large diameter shield segment with over buried depth[J]. Tunnel and Rail Transit, 2019(Suppl.1): 39-43. [16] 向科,石修巍.盾构管片弹性密封垫断面设计与优化[J].地下空间与工程学报, 2008, 4(2): 361-364. XIANG Ke, SHI Xiuwei. Design and optimization of elastic gasket section of shield tunnel lining[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2008, 4(2): 361-364. [17] 拓勇飞,舒恒,郭小红,等.超高水压大直径盾构隧道管片接缝防水设计与试验研究[J].岩土工程学报, 2013, 35(增刊1): 227-231. TUO Yongfei, SHU Heng, GUO Xiaohong, et al. Design and experimental study on waterproof gasket of large-diameter shield tunnel under ultra-high water pressure[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2013, 35(Suppl.1): 227-231. [18] 王湛.水下盾构隧道弹性密封垫防水失效数值模拟研究[J].隧道建设, 2015, 35(11): 1164-1168. WANG Zhan. Numerical study on waterproof failure mechanism of elastic sealing gasket of underwater shield-bored tunnel[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2015, 35(11): 1164-1168. [19] GONG Chenjie, DING Wenqi, SOGA Kenichi. Sealant behavior of gasketed segmental joints in shield tunnels: an experimental and numerical study[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2018, 77: 127-141. [20] GONG Chenjie, DING Wenqi, SOGA Kenichi, et al. Failure mechanism of joint waterproofing in precast segmental tunnel linings[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2019, 84: 334-352. [21] GONG Chenjie, DING Wenqi. A computational framework to predict the water-leakage pressure of segmental joints in shield tunnels using an advanced finite element method[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 2018, 42(16): 1957-1975. [22] 张稳军,李宏亮,高文元,等.防控盾构隧道渗漏灾变的管片密封垫尺寸优化[J].施工技术, 2019, 48(9): 43-47. ZHANG Wenjun, LI Hongliang, GAO Wenyuan, et al. Optimization of segment gasket size for prevention and control of shield tunnel leakage[J]. Construction Technology, 2019, 48(9): 43-47. [23] 张亚洲.考虑密封垫表面工作状态的盾构隧道接缝防水能力数值模拟研究[J].隧道建设(中英文), 2020, 40(6): 813-820. ZHANG Yazhou. Numerical simulation on waterproof capacity of shield tunnel joints considering working state of sealing gasket surface[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2020, 40(6): 813-820. [24] 李拼,谢宏明,何川,等.基于有效接触应力的大张开量盾构隧道密封垫防水性能分析[J].隧道建设(中英文), 2019, 39(12): 1993-1999. LI Pin, XIE Hongming, HE Chuan, et al. Waterproof performance analysis of water sealing gasket of large open shield tunnel based on effective contact stress[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2019, 39(12): 1993-1999. [25] 董林伟,江玉生,杨志勇,等.隧道管片接缝密封垫防水机理及试验研究[J].岩土工程学报, 2017, 39(3): 469-474. DONG Linwei, JIANG Yusheng, YANG Zhiyong, et al. Experimental study and water-resistant mechanism of gaskets in joints of tunnel segments[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2017, 39(3): 469-474. [26] 孙廉威.基于施加水压的盾构接缝防水机制数值分析[J].隧道建设(中英文), 2018, 38(4): 603-610. SUN Lianwei. Numerical analysis of waterproof mechanism of shield tunnel joint based on applied water pressure[J].Tunnel Construction, 2018, 38(4): 603-610. [27] 李雪,霍鹏,周顺华,等.盾构隧道双道密封垫防水能力及失效模式研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报, 2020, 17(1): 159-166. LI Xue, HUO Peng, ZHOU Shunhua, et al. Test research on watertight mechanism and failure model of the double sealing gaskets in shield tunnel[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2020, 17(1): 159-166. [28] 赵运臣,肖龙鸽,刘招伟,等.武汉长江隧道管片接缝防水密封垫设计与试验研究[J].隧道建设, 2008, 28(5): 570-575. ZHAO Yunchen, XIAO Longge, LIU Zhaowei, et al. Experiment study and design on the watertight seal for reinforced concrete segment joint of Wuhan Yangtze River Tunnel[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2008, 28(5): 570-575. [29] 赵明,丁文其,彭益成,等.高水压盾构隧道管片接缝防水可靠性试验研究[J].现代隧道技术, 2013, 50(3): 87-93. ZHAO Ming, DING Wenqi, PENG Yicheng, et al. Experimental study on the reliability of shield tunnel segment joints to remain watertight under high water pressure[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2013, 50(3): 87-93. [30] SHI Chenghua, CAO Chengyong, LEI Mingfeng, et al. Sealant performance test and stress-seepage coupling model for tunnel segment joints[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2019, 44(5): 4201-4212. [31] DING Wenqi, GONG Chenjie, MOSALAM K M, et al. Development and application of the integrated sealant test apparatus for sealing gaskets in tunnel segmental joints[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2017, 63: 54-68. [32] SHALABI F I. Behavior of gasketed segmental concrete tunnel lining[D]. Urbana-Champaign, USA: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001. [33] SHALABI F I, CORDING E J, PAUL S L. Sealant behavior of gasketed segmental tunnel lining-conceptual model[J]. Geomechanics and Tunnelling, 2016, 9(4): 345-355. [34] 谢宏明,杜彦良,何川,等.强震作用下大断面海底盾构隧道管片环缝防水性能[J].中国公路学报, 2017, 30(8): 201-209. XIE Hongming, DU Yanliang, HE Chuan, et al. Waterproof performance of segment joints of large section subsea shield tunnel under strong earthquake[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2017, 30(8): 201-209. [35] 谢宏明,何川,封坤,等.地震作用下盾构隧道环缝单向振动防水性能试验[J].西南交通大学学报, 2020, 55(4): 713-718. XIE Hongming, HE Chuan, FENG Kun, et al. Unidirectional vibration waterproof test of ring joint of shield tunnel under the action of earthquake[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020, 55(4): 713-718. [36] SHALABI F I, CORDING E J, PUAL S L. Concrete segment tunnel lining sealant performance under earthquake loading[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2012, 31: 51-60. [37] 李咏今.硫化橡胶热氧老化时物理机械性能变质规律的研究[J].特种橡胶制品, 1997, 18(1): 42-51. LI Yongjin. Study on degradation rule of physical-mechanical property of vulcanizate during the period of heat ageing[J]. Special Purpose Rubber Products, 1997, 18(1): 42-51. [38] 李咏今.利用时间外延法预测硫化胶常温老化应力松弛和永久变形性能的研究[J].橡胶工业, 2002, 49(10): 615-622. LI Yongjin. Prediction for stress relaxation and permanent set of vulcanizate at room temperature with time extension method[J]. China Rubber Industry, 2002, 49(10): 615-622. [39] 高晓敏,张晓华.橡胶贮存寿命预测方法研究进展与思考建议[J].高分子通报, 2010(2): 80-87. GAO Xiaomin, ZHANG Xiaohua. Review and suggestions for storage life prediction methods of rubber[J]. Polymer Bulletin, 2010(2): 80-87. [40] 张法源.16种实用配方硫化胶长期室内自然老化压缩永久变形变化及预测[J].特种橡胶制品, 2002, 23(4): 46-49. ZHANG Fayuan. Compression set and prediction of 16 kinds of practical formulation vulcanizates for long-term indoor natural ageing[J].Special Purpose Rubber Products, 2002, 23(4):46-49. [41] 伍振志,杨林德,季倩倩,等.越江盾构隧道防水密封垫应力松弛试验研究[J].建筑材料学报, 2009, 12(5): 539-543. WU Zhenzhi, YANG Linde, JI Qianqian, et al. Experimental study on stress relaxation of waterproof gasket of river-crossing shield tunnel[J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2009, 12(5):539-543. [42] 王民.隧道盾构施工管片橡胶密封垫的材料和结构及产品性能特性[J].特种橡胶制品, 2005, 26(1): 42-46. WANG Min. Material and structure of rubber gasket for shield driven tunnel segment and characteristic of the products[J]. Special Purpose Rubber Products, 2005, 26(1): 42-46. [43] 钟小春,秦建设,朱伟,等.盾构管片接缝防水材料防水耐久性实验及分析[J].地下空间与工程学报, 2011, 7(2): 281-285. ZHONG Xiaochun, QIN Jianshe, ZHU Wei, et al. Durability tests and analysis on the waterproof material for joint seam of shield tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2011, 7(2): 281-285. [44] 丁杨,孟伟,邓文武.盾构管片橡胶密封垫断面形式设计及耐久性研究[J].华东交通大学学报, 2016, 33(4): 45-49. DING Yang, MENG Wei, DENG Wenwu. Study on durability and section design of sealing rubber pad of shield segment[J]. Journal of East China Jiaotong University, 2016, 33(4): 45-49. [45] PAUNESCU M. Experimental research regarding gaskets durability[J]. International Journal of Fatigue, 2006, 28(9): 1081-1086. [46] LEGAC P Y, CHOQUEUSE D, PARIS M, et al. Durability of polydicyclopentadiene under high temperature, high pressure and seawater(offshore oil production conditions)[J]. Polymer Degradation & Stability, 2013, 98(3): 809-817. [47] LEGAC P Y, LESAUX V, PARIS M, et al. Ageing mechanism and mechanical degradation behaviour of polychloroprene rubber in a marine environment: comparison of accelerated ageing and long term exposure[J]. Polymer Degradation & Stability, 2012, 97(3): 288-296.
2020, Vol. 2 
