The damage and failure mode of shaft structures crossing the geotechnical interface under the horizontal excitation of earthquake motion
ZAHNG Bu1,2, JI Ruoyu1, ZHONG Zilan1,2, XU Chengshun1,2, DU Xiuli1,2*
1. Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Abstract: Previous seismic damage of the underground shafts have shown that the structural safety of shaft are facing seriously threat under strong earthquakes and damage occurs near the rock soil interface. In actual engineering, the shaft inevitably crossed the geotechnical interface, and the seismic damage failure mechanism of the shaft structure at the site of the geotechnical interface had not yet been clarified. This research mainly studied the influence of the shaft lining strength and thickness parameters on the damage of the shaft under the horizontal earthquake motion. Based on the finite element software ABAQUS, a three-dimensional soil structure interaction model of shaft was established. The internal force distribution, diameter deformation rate, damage state and strain distribution of the shaft under the action of horizontal earthquake motion were studied by three-dimensional dynamic time history analysis method. The results showed that the axial force, shear force and bending moment of the shaft at the geotechnical interface were mutated, the axial thrust force was the tensile force at the geotechnical interface, while the hoop force was the pressure force. The damage position of the shaft was concentrated at the intersection of rock and soil and was manifested as tensile damage; The axial thrust force is the damage control force, and the axial tensile damage was aggravated as the strength and thickness of the shaft lining increased; The peak axial strain of the shaft was concentrated at the geotechnical interface; The axial strain of the shaft lining with a wall thickness of 0.6 m under C35 concrete strength was 1.3 times that under a wall thickness of 0.5 m.
张卜, 姬若愚, 钟紫蓝, 许成顺, 杜修力. 穿越岩土交界面竖井结构水平地震损伤破坏模式[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2023, 5(3): 27-40.
ZAHNG Bu, JI Ruoyu, ZHONG Zilan, XU Chengshun, DU Xiuli. The damage and failure mode of shaft structures crossing the geotechnical interface under the horizontal excitation of earthquake motion. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 2023, 5(3): 27-40.
[1] 陈向红,陶连金,陈曦. 水下隧道附属竖井的横向地震响应研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2016, 16(13):273-278. CHEN Xianghong, TAO Lianjin,CHEN Xi. Study on the transverse seismic response of underwater tunnel shaft[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2016, 16(13):273-278. [2] 煤炭工业部规划设计院. 唐山地震开滦煤矿井巷工程的震害[J].地震工程与工程振动, 1982, 2(1):67-76. Coal Mines Planning and Design Institute, Ministry of Coal Industry. Damage to structures and installations in the underground excavations of the Kailuan colliery during the Tangshan earthquake[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 1982, 2(1):67-76. [3] 刘仁训.1985年墨西哥大地震述评[J]. 工程抗震, 1987, 9(2):44-49. LIU Renxun. A review of the 1985 Mexican earthquake[J]. Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,1987, 9(2):44-49. [4] 杜修力,李洋,许成顺,等.1995年日本阪神地震大开地铁车站震害原因及成灾机理分析研究进展[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2018, 40(2):223-236. DU Xiuli, LI Yang, XU Chengshun, et al. Review on damage causes and disaster mechanism of Daikai Subway Station during 1995 Osaka-Kobe Earthquake[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018, 40(2):223-236. [5] 陈一. 南水北调中线穿黄工程北岸竖井内弯管三维抗震分析[D]. 上海:同济大学, 2007. CHEN Yi. Aseismic analysis of the bended pipe built in the north shore of the through Yellow Rive engineering of the Midline of South-to-north Water Diversion[D]. Shanghai: Tongji University, 2007. [6] 肖梦倚,费文平.半埋式深竖井结构的三维动力响应特征[J]. 武汉大学学报(工学版), 2015, 48(1):34-38. XIAO Mengyi, FEI Wenping. 3D dynamic response characteristics of partly-buried deep shaft structure[J]. Engineering Journal of Wuhan University, 2015, 48(1):34-38. [7] 周舒威,李庶林,徐宏斌.长大竖井围岩稳定性有限元分析[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2010, 6(增刊1): 1413-1418. ZHOU Shuwei, LI Shulin, XU Hongbin. Stability analysis for the surrounding rockmass of a long shaft by FEM[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2010, 6(Suppl.1):1413-1418. [8] 李响,徐伟.超深竖井开挖施工中的结构动力分析[J]. 建筑施工, 2007, 29(11):847-848. LI Xiang, XU Wei. Dynamic structural analysis during excavation of super deep shaft[J]. Building Construction, 2007, 29(11):847-848. [9] MAYORAL J M, ARGYROUDIS S, CASTA(~overN)ON E. Vulnerability of floating tunnel shafts for increasing earthquake loading[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2016, 80:1-10. [10] KIM Y, LIM H, JEONG S. Seismic response of vertical shafts in multi-layered soil using dynamic and pseudo-static analyses[J]. Geomechanics and Engineering, 2020, 21(3):269-277. [11] ZHANG B, CHEN Z Y. General winkler model for kinematic responses of shafts in linear soil[J]. International Journal of Computational Methods, 2020, 17(5):1940004. [12] ZHANG B, CHEN Z Y. Effects of nominal flexibility ratio and shaft dimensionless parameters on the seismic response characteristics of deep shafts[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2019, 120:257-261. [13] CHEN Z Y, ZHANG B. Seismic responses of the large-scale deep shaft in Shanghai soft soils[C] //GeoShanghai International Conference. Singapore: Springer, 2018:103-111. [14] ZHANG J H, YUAN Y, BILOTTA E, et al. Analytical solution for dynamic responses of the vertical shaft in a shaft-tunnel junction under transverse loads[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2019, 126:105779. [15] ZHANG J H, YUAN Y, ZHANG B, et al. Analytical solutions for seismic responses of the tunnel in a shaft-tunnel junction under transverse excitations[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2019, 127:105826. [16] ZHANG J H, XIAO M Q, BILOTTA E, et al. Analytical solutions for seismic responses of shaft-tunnel junction under travelling SH-wave[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2021, 112:103910. [17] 陈国兴,卢艺静,王彦臻,等. 海底盾构隧道-竖井连接部位三维非线性地震反应特性[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2021, 43(8):1382-1390. CHEN Guoxing, LU Yijing, WANG Yanzhen, et al. 3D nonlinear seismic response characteristics for the junction of undersea shield tunnel-shaft[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2021, 43(8):1382-1390. [18] 赵武胜,何先志,陈卫忠,等. 盾构隧道与竖井连接处管片及接头震害分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(增刊2):3847-3854. ZHAO Wusheng, HE Xianzhi, CHEN Weizhong, et al. Analysis of seismic damage of segments and joints at the junction of shield tunnel and shaft[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2012, 31(Suppl.2):3847-3854. [19] 申玉生,朱双燕,资晓鱼,等. 穿越上软下硬地层公路隧道竖井结构抗震性能分析[J]. 北京交通大学学报, 2019, 43(3):98-104. SHEN Yusheng, ZHU Shuangyan, ZI Xiaoyu, et al. Analysis on seismic performance of highway tunnel shafts crossing soft and hard stratum[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University, 2019, 43(3):98-104. [20] 刘学增,王煦霖,林亮伦. 45°倾角正断层粘滑错动对隧道影响试验分析[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 42(1):44-50. LIU Xuezeng, WANG Xulin, LIN Lianglun. Modeling experiment on effect of normal fault with 45° dip angle stick-slip dislocation on tunnel[J]. Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science), 2014, 42(1):44-50. [21] 刘学增, 林亮伦. 75°倾角逆断层黏滑错动对公路隧道影响的模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(12):2523-2530. LIU Xuezeng, LIN Lianglun. Research on model experiment of effect of thrust fault with 75° dip angle stick-slip dislocation on highway tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2011, 30(12):2523-2530. [22] 汪振,钟紫蓝,黄景琦,等. 走滑断层错动下山岭隧道关键断面变形及损伤演化[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2020, 41(增刊1):425-433. WANG Zhen, ZHONG Zilan, HUANG Jingqi, et al. Deformation and damage evolution of critical cross section of mountain tunnels under strike-slip fault movement[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2020, 41(Suppl.1):425-433. [23] 隋伟,崔新壮,高智珺,等. 地震作用下隧道衬砌结构损伤规律研究[J]. 公路, 2014, 59(12):226-231. SUI Wei, CUI Xinzhuang, GAO Zhijun, et al. Research on damage regulations of tunnel lining structure under earthquake actions[J]. Highway, 2014, 59(12):226-231. [24] 姚二雷,刘志芳,苗雨. 岩-土交界面处超大直径过江盾构隧道地震响应特征[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2022, 39(6):90-94. YAO Erlei, LIU Zhifang, MIAO Yu. Seismic response characteristics of river-crossing shield tunnel of large diameter at rock-soil interface[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2022, 39(6):90-94. [25] 张卜,姬若愚,钟紫蓝,等. 穿越岩土交界面竖井衬砌壁厚对其水平地震响应影响研究[J]. 土木工程学报, 2022, 55(增刊1):250-256. ZHANG Bu, JI Ruoyu, ZHONG Zilan, et al. Study on the influence of lining thickness of shaft passing through geotechnical interface on its horizontal seismic response[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2022, 55(Suppl.1):250-256. [26] 杜修力,许紫刚,许成顺,等. 基于等效线性化的土-地下结构整体动力时程分析方法研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2018, 40(12):2155-2163. DU Xiuli, XU Zigang, XU Chengshun, et al. Time-history analysis method for soil-underground structure system based on equivalent linear method[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018, 40(12):2155-2163. [27] 许紫刚, 杜修力, 许成顺, 等. 地下结构地震反应分析中场地瑞利阻尼构建方法比较研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2019, 40(12):4838-4847. XU Zigang, DU Xiuli, XU Chengshun, et al. Comparison of determination methods of site Rayleigh damping coefficients in seismic responses analysis of underground structures[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40(12):4838-4847. [28] CHEN Z Y, WEI J S. Correlation between ground motion parameters and lining damage indices for mountain tunnels[J]. Natural Hazards, 2013, 65(3):1683-1702. [29] 汪振,钟紫蓝,赵密,等. 正断型断裂模拟及其对山岭隧道影响研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2020, 42(10):1876-1884. WANG Zhen, ZHONG Zilan, ZHAO Mi, et al. Simulation of normal fault rupture and its impact on mountain tunnels[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2020, 42(10):1876-1884. [30] 刘国庆, 肖明, 陈俊涛. 基于增量动力分析的隧洞结构抗震性能评估[J]. 工程科学与技术, 2019, 51(3): 92-100. LIU Guoqing, XIAO Ming, CHEN Juntao. Seismic performance assessment of tunnel structure based on incremental dynamic analysis[J]. Advanced Engineering Sciences, 2019, 51(3): 92-100.
2023, Vol. 5 
