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| Review on countermeasures and their adaptability evaluation to tunnels crossing active faults |
| DING Xiuli1, ZHANG Yuting1, ZHANG Chuanjian2, YAN Tianyou2, HUANG Shuling1
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1. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, Hubei, China;
2. Hydraulic Complex Design Department, Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430010, Hubei, China |
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Abstract Hydraulic tunnels are widely adopted for water conveyance purpose in the mountainous region of western China. The tunnels usually pass through various stratum with complex occurrence environment and geological conditions, including active faults. Currently, both domestic and foreign codes and regulations regarding tunnel design fail to provide any specifications and recommendations on design philosophy and countermeasures for tunnels crossing active faults and therefore potential threat is posed on the long term stability of water conveyance tunnels. Based on the definition, the classification and the influences of active faults to tunnels, the engineering examples were collected and comprehensive comparisons were made. Totally ten cases regarding tunnels crossing active faults were summarized and the emphasis was placed on the discussion of the design philosophy adopted in each case. It was found that the primary countermeasures consists of four approaches, which were setting up flexible connection section, enlarging excavation dimension, using tubes placed inside the tunnel, and application of composite lining or new materials. Then, the adaptability evaluation of countermeasures for tunnels crossing active faults was reviewed. Some concerning topics and their research progress were summarized and commented. The issues that required further study and improvement were mentioned. Finally, combining the research project “Disaster mechanism of surrounding rock mass and lining structure and countermeasure technology for tunnels crossing active fault”, which was a research program of the National Key Research and Development Program “Efficient Use of Water Resources”, the problems of tunnels crossing active faults were discussed and the potential achievements were prospected.
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Received: 02 May 2018
Published: 22 February 2019
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