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| Numerical experimental study on the influence of structure plane on the damage of surrounding rock in tunnel drilling and blasting |
| WANG Jianxiu1, CAO Ansheng1, GAO Yuanbo2, LIU Pengfei1, YAN Long1, LIN Luyu3
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1. College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
2. Water Resources and Hydropower 11th Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China;
3. Xiamen Road and Bridge Engineering Investment Development Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361026, Fujian, China |
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Abstract To reveal the influence mechanism of geometric parameters of structural planes on the damage evolution of surrounding rock and the quality of section formation during tunnel blasting excavation, taking the Xiamen Haicang Expressway Tunnel project as a prototype, a three-dimensional numerical model was established using LS-DYNA to conduct numerical experiments. The influence of different structural plane dip angles, widths, and spacing on the distribution of blasting-induced damage in the tunnel surrounding rock was investigated. The results indicated that structural planes exerted a pronounced directional control effect on blasting damage. Damage preferentially extended along the dip direction of the structural planes, while being significantly constrained in the normal direction. As the dip angle increased from 0° to 90°, the cross-sectional damage pattern transitioned from approximately symmetrical to an asymmetrical expansion dominated by directional guidance, exhibiting localized and discrete characteristics due to segmentation and blocking effects. When the structural plane width increased from 0.1 m to 0.7 m, the interface weakening effect and stress wave scattering energy dissipation were significantly enhanced, leading to a notable increase in overbreak area and maximum overbreak. Conversely, as the structural plane spacing increased from 0.6 m to 2.4 m, overbreak decreased and contour smoothness improved. The research findings provided a basis for understanding energy control, parameter optimization, and the improvement of formation quality in tunnel blasting.
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Published: 23 March 2026
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