Evolution law of water inrush disaster in fault tunnel under rainfall condition
WANG Mitian1, WANG Yingchao1,2*, WANG Nan1, FENG Shuai1, LI Wenhao1, YANG Jiajie1
1. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China; 2. Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
Abstract: The evolution process of water and mud inrush disaster in fault tunnel under the effect of rainfall was discussed under the self-developed multifunctional tunnel model test device. Based on the momentum equation of porous media with apparent velocity, the pressure loss in porous media area was simulated. The influence laws on rainfall intensity, fault dip angle, fault orientation and surrounding rock classification for water and mud inrush was also analyzed. The results showed that the greater the rainfall intensity was, the stronger the softening effect of rainfall on the surrounding rock and the greater the damage to the surrounding rock of fault tunnel was; under the same rainfall intensity, the greater the dip angle of the fault was, the greater the damage to the tunnel health was; under the same rainfall intensity, when the fault passes through the tunnel, the stability of tunnel surrounding rock could not be guaranteed; under the same rainfall intensity, the greater the permeability coefficient was, the more unstable the surrounding rock and the higher incidences of water inrush and collapse disasters was. Moreover,the experimental results were in correspondence with the numerical simulation results. The research provides some insights and references for deepening the understanding of water and mud inrush in fault tunnel and proposing effective control measures.
王密田, 王迎超, 王楠, 冯帅, 李文豪, 羊嘉杰. 降雨条件下断层隧道突水灾变演化规律[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, 2021, 3(4): 40-52.
WANG Mitian, WANG Yingchao, WANG Nan, FENG Shuai, LI Wenhao, YANG Jiajie. Evolution law of water inrush disaster in fault tunnel under rainfall condition. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 2021, 3(4): 40-52.
[1] 徐前卫,程盼盼,朱合华,等. 跨断层隧道围岩渐进性破坏模型试验及数值模拟[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016,35(3): 433-445. XU Qianwei, CHENG Panpan, ZHU Hehua, et al. Experimental study and numerical simulation on progressive failure characteristics of the fault-crossing tunnel surrounding rock[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2016, 35(3): 433-445. [2] 王迎超, 尚岳全, 严细水,等. 降雨作用下浅埋隧道松散围岩塌方机制[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2012, 44(2): 142-148. WANG Yingchao, SHANG Yuequan, YAN Xishui, et al. Study on collapse mechanism in loose wall rock of shallow tunnel under rainfall[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2012, 44(2): 142-148. [3] 曾强运. 宜万铁路马鹿箐隧道水文地质分析及涌水预警[J]. 土工基础, 2012, 26(2): 35-37. ZENG Qiangyun. Hydrogeology analyses and water piping warning technology of Malujing Tunnel in Yiwan Railroad[J]. Soil Engineering and Foundation, 2012, 26(2): 35-37. [4] 余洪璋. 瞬时强降雨下铁路岩溶隧道衬砌强度探讨——以贵州织毕铁路元宝山隧道为例[J]. 中国岩溶, 2019, 38(6): 916-923. YU Hongzhang. Discussion on lining strength of railway tunnels in Karst areas under instantaneous heavy rainfall: an example of the Yuanbaoshan Tunnel of Zhijin-Bijie Railway in Guizhou Province[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2019, 38(6): 916-923. [5] 贾疏源,姜云,张广洋.华蓥山隧道暴雨涌突水及其对隧道的影响[J].世界隧道,1999(1):50-55. [6] 史振宁,戚双星,付宏渊,等. 降雨入渗条件下土质边坡含水率分布与浅层稳定性研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2020,41(3): 980-988. SHI Zhenning, QI Shuangxing, FU Hongyuan, et al. A study of water content distribution and shallow stability of earth slopes subject to rainfall infiltration[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(3): 980-988. [7] 王述红,何坚,刘欢.多层土质边坡入渗的水流方向演变机理[J]. 东北大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 40(8): 1172-1177. WANG Shuhong, HE Jian, LIU Huan. Mechanism of water flow migration evolution in multi-layer soil slope during rainfall infiltration[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2019, 40(8): 1172-1177. [8] 柴亚凡,周波,吕文强,等.人工模拟降雨条件下泻溜红土坡积体的侵蚀过程和入渗特征[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2019,17(1): 10-15. CHAI Yafan, ZHOU Bo, LÜ Wenqiang, et al. Erosion process and infiltration features of red soil slumping slope sediment under artificial simulated rainfall condition[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 17(1): 10-15. [9] 刘杰,曾铃,付宏渊,等. 土质边坡降雨入渗深度及饱和区变化规律[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2019,50(2): 452-459. LIU Jie, ZENG Ling, FU Hongyuan, et al. Variation law of rainfall infiltration depth and saturation zone of soil slope[J]. Journalof Central South University(Science and Technology), 2019, 50(2): 452-459. [10] 赵宁. 深埋隧道断层破碎带突水时滞效应研究[D]. 徐州: 中国矿业大学, 2019. ZHAO Ning. Study on time lag effect of water inrush in fault fractured zone of deep-buried tunnel[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2019. [11] 孟凡树. 深埋隧道断层破碎带突水力学判据研究[D]. 徐州:中国矿业大学,2019. MENG fanshu. Study on hydraulic criterion of deep tunnel fracture zone in deep buried tunnel[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2019. [12] 尹鑫. 山岭隧道断层破碎岩体的变质量渗流特性研究[D]. 徐州:中国矿业大学,2018. Yin Xin. Study on seepage chracteristics with mass loss of broken rock of in mountain tunnel containing fault [D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2018. [13] 周宗青,李利平,石少帅,等.隧道突涌水机制与渗透破坏灾变过程模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2020,41(11):3621-3631. ZHOU Zongqing, LI Liping, SHI Shaoshuai,et al.Study on tunnel water inrush mechanism and simulation of seepage failure process[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(11):3621-3631. [14] 李健. 深埋隧道充填型断层突水灾变演化机理研究[D]. 徐州: 中国矿业大学, 2016. LI Jian. Study on catastrophe evolution properties of water inrush in deep buried tunnel containing filling fault[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2016. [15] 郭志光. 多孔介质中的水-热作用效应及污染物迁移特征研究[D]. 北京: 北京交通大学, 2018. GUO Zhiguang. The hydro-thermal effect and transport characteristics of contaminants in porous media[D]. Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, 2018. [16] 唐家鹏. ANSYS FLUENT 16.0超级学习手册[M]. 北京: 人民邮电出版社, 2016. [17] 毛昶熙. 堤防工程手册[M]. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2009.
2021, Vol. 3 
