基于SPH-FEM耦合模拟的隧道深埋排水沟爆破技术优化研究

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摘要为提高通排水效率并保障隧道运行安全，依托青海赛尔龙2号隧道施工，建立了SPH-FEM耦合计算模型，对比了不同布孔方式（垂直布孔与楔形布孔）下的岩石损伤演化、爆破槽腔尺寸及岩石抛掷效果。研究结果表明：垂直布孔与楔形布孔条件下，岩体整体损伤范围基本一致，但楔形布孔时沟槽底板易产生超欠挖，不利于爆破成型控制。不同布孔方式下爆破轮廓形状相近，相比于垂直布孔，采用楔形布孔更有利于提升槽腔体积与槽腔口面积。从轮廓成型效果及粒子抛掷效率的角度，对楔形钻孔炮孔布置方案进行了优化，可在保证轮廓成型效果及粒子抛掷数量的同时，降低粒子的抛掷速度，为深埋排水沟高效成型提供参考

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关键词: 隧道工程排水沟爆破爆破槽腔爆破损伤抛掷效果 SPH-FEM耦合算法

Abstract: To improve drainage efficiency and ensure tunnel operational safety, an SPH–FEM coupled computational model was established based on the construction of the Qinghai Saierlong No. 2 Tunnel. A comparison was made of rock damage evolution, blast-induced cavity dimensions, and rock ejection effects under different borehole arrangements (vertical drilling and wedge-shaped drilling). The research results showed that the overall extent of rock damage was generally consistent under both drilling patterns. However, wedge-shaped drilling was more prone to overbreak or underbreak at the trench bottom, which was unfavorable for blast-induced contour control. Although the blast contours were similar under both configurations, wedge-shaped drilling resulted in a larger cavity volume and a wider cavity opening compared to vertical drilling. The wedge-shaped drilling layout was optimized considering contour quality and particle ejection efficiency. This optimization reduced the particle ejection velocity while maintaining satisfactory contour formation and particle ejection quantity, thereby providing a reference for the efficient construction of deep-buried drainage ditches.

Key words: tunneling drainage trench blasting blasting slot cavity blast damage throwing effect SPH-FEM coupling algorithm

收稿日期: 2025-04-01 修回日期: 2025-08-18 发布日期: 2025-09-03

中图分类号:

U43

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52379096)；陕西省创新能力支撑计划资助项目(2023–CX-TD–35)；长安大学青年学者学科交叉团队建设资助项目（300104240925）；陕西省交通运输厅交通科技资助项目（23-79K）

通讯作者: 高启栋( 1991— )，男，陕西延安人，教授、博士生导师，博士，主要研究方向为隧道与工程爆破与岩石动力学。 E-mail: qdgao@chd.edu.cn

作者简介: 张海兰（1972—），男，湖南郴州人，工程师，主要研究方向为隧道施工。E-mail: 1254440731@qq.com

引用本文:

张海兰、吴云鹏、邹仁、马晓龙、李坤泰、高启栋、牛磊、周海孝. 基于SPH-FEM耦合模拟的隧道深埋排水沟爆破技术优化研究[J]. 隧道与地下工程灾害防治, .
ZHANG Hailan, WU Yunpeng、ZOU Ren、MA Xiaolong、LI Kuntai、GAO Qidong、NIU Lei、ZHOU Haixiao. Optimization study of blasting technology for deeply buried drainage trench in tunnel based on SPH-FEM coupled simulation. Hazard Control in Tunnelling and Underground Engineering, 0, (): 1-18.

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